Posts Tagged ‘method’
Posted in The gas we use in our houses for heating and cooking may consist of gas manufactured from coal, natural gas, or a mixture of both. It may contain gas made from oil, too. There are several methods of manufacturing gas from coal. True coal gas, or coke-oven gas, is made by heating coal in an airtight oven. In this process called carbonization the coal changes into coke and gives off gas, together with ammonia, tar, and other impurities. Coolers and scrubbers remove impurities.
The coke produced in the ovens is used to make another kind of gas, called water gas, or blue gas. This is made by passing superheated (very hot) steam over white-hot coke. Carbureted water gas is blue gas which has been enriched by gases obtained by cracking, or breaking down oil by heating.
A further way of making gas from coal is called the Lurgi process. In this method, low-grade coal is heated very slowly under pressure. A mixture of steam and oxygen passing through the hot coal converts it into gas.
Each manufactured gas contains several inflammable gases. Coke-oven gas contains hydrogen, methane and carbon monoxide. Water gas contains only carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Oil gas enriches water gas by adding methane and other hydrocarbons which have a high heat value. The Lurgi process also produces hydrocarbons.
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